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英语的核心内容就是语法,初中英语的语法知识很多,打好语法的基础,对孩子们学习英语有更好的帮助。下面是小智为大家整理初中英语语法知识归纳:句子的类型(一),希望对大家有帮助。如果想领取期中、期末等试题资料,您可以添加康康QQ号:493924147,即可免费领取资料哦。
初中英语语法知识归纳:句子的类型(一)
重点
句子的类型:陈述句
陈述句(包括肯定的或否定的)用来叙述一项事实。陈述句的结构分为肯定结构和否定结构两种。
1、陈述句的肯定结构
(1)主语与谓语的一致,句子中的谓语动词和主语在人称和数上必须一致。如:
I was having dinner when he came in.
He is now working at a bank.
①谓语只跟主语的中心词保持一致,修饰词不影响主语的数:
The quality of this kind of bike is poor.
There be结构和其他倒装句中,谓语通常放在主语的前面,这时谓语是单数还是复数,要依后面的主语而定,如:
There is no milk in the bottle.
There are no students iin the classroom.
②“one of ……”结构作主语,谓语应该用单数。如:
One of the students is absent.
Making things is a good activity.
What hurt her most is his words.
③由and连接两个或两个以上的名词,由“both…and…”连接的两个成分作主语,其谓语动词通常用复数形式,如:
Susan and Sally like pop music.
The worker and the peasant are going to give us a talk.
④单数名词后面有下面词语修饰时,主语不受这些词或词组的影响
with…. like…as well as…together with…
He, as well as his classmates, likes popular songs.
Mr Li, together with his wife and two songs, is on holiday these days.
⑤由连词“either…or…”,“neither…nor…”,“not only…but also…”,also, nor, or连接两个名词或代词,谓语动词的形式应与最近的主语保持一致
Neither I nor my brother is good at maths.
Either you or I’m wrong.
注意:表示数量、时间、距离、金钱等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。用于数学运算的数字作主语,谓语通常也用单数形式。如:
Ten pounds is enough.Two hours is a long time.
2、陈述句的否定形式
(1)带有系动词、助动词、情态动词的肯定句,只要把not, never加在这些动词后面,就能把肯定句变为否定,no通常否定名词或动名词
I’m not a doctor.I haven’t got a camera.
I have never met him before.
(2)若谓语是行为动词,前面又没有助动词和情态动词,只要在谓语动词之前加助动词do( does, did ) not就行。
I didn’t go to the concert yesterday.
He doesn’t speak English
(3)no修饰复数名词作主语,谓语动词要用复数。如果no修饰单数名词作主语,谓语动词要用单数。如:
No men are admittedNo man is admitted.
(4)表示部分否定的词有:not all, not everything, not everybody, not everywhere, not both, not always.
Not everybody enjoys fishing.
Not everything goes well.